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Insert Documents插入文档

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The MongoDB shell provides the following methods to insert documents into a collection:MongoDB shell提供了以下方法将文档插入集合：

The examples on this page reference the Atlas sample dataset. 本页的示例引用了Atlas示例数据集。You can create a free Atlas cluster and populate that cluster with sample data to follow along with these examples. 您可以创建一个免费的Atlas集群，并使用示例数据填充该集群，以配合这些示例。To learn more, see Get Started with Atlas.要了解更多信息，请参阅Atlas入门。

Insert a Single Document插入单个文档

db.collection.insertOne() inserts a single document into a collection. db.collection.insertOne()将单个文档插入到集合中。If the document does not specify an _id field, MongoDB adds the _id field with an ObjectId value to the new document. 如果文档没有指定_id字段，MongoDB会将具有ObjectId值的_id字段添加到新文档中。See Insert Behavior.请参见插入行为。

Example

To insert a new document into the sample_mflix.movies collection:要将新文档插入sample_mflix.movies集合，请执行以下操作：

use sample_mflix

db.movies.insertOne(
  {
    title: "The Favourite",
    genres: [ "Drama", "History" ],
    runtime: 121,
    rated: "R",
    year: 2018,
    directors: [ "Yorgos Lanthimos" ],
    cast: [ "Olivia Colman", "Emma Stone", "Rachel Weisz" ],
    type: "movie"
  }
)

insertOne() returns a document that includes the newly inserted document's _id field value.返回一个文档，该文档包括新插入的文档的_id字段值。

To retrieve the inserted document, read the collection:要检索插入的文档，请参阅读取集合：

db.movies.find( { title: "The Favourite" } )

To ensure you return the document you inserted, you can instead query by _id.为了确保返回插入的文档，您可以改为按_id进行查询。

Insert Multiple Documents插入多个文档

db.collection.insertMany() can insert multiple documents into a collection. db.collection.insertMany()可以将多个文档插入到一个集合中。Pass an array of documents to the method. 将文档数组传递给该方法。If the documents do not specify an _id field, MongoDB adds the _id field with an ObjectId value to each document. 如果文档没有指定_id字段，MongoDB会为每个文档添加带有ObjectId值的_id字段。See Insert Behavior.请参见插入行为。

Example

To insert two new documents into the sample_mflix.movies collection:要将两个新文档插入sample_mflix.movies集合，请执行以下操作：

use sample_mflix

db.movies.insertMany([
   {
      title: "Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom",
      genres: [ "Action", "Sci-Fi" ],
      runtime: 130,
      rated: "PG-13",
      year: 2018,
      directors: [ "J. A. Bayona" ],
      cast: [ "Chris Pratt", "Bryce Dallas Howard", "Rafe Spall" ],
      type: "movie"
    },
    {
      title: "Tag",
      genres: [ "Comedy", "Action" ],
      runtime: 105,
      rated: "R",
      year: 2018,
      directors: [ "Jeff Tomsic" ],
      cast: [ "Annabelle Wallis", "Jeremy Renner", "Jon Hamm" ],
      type: "movie"
    }
])

insertMany() returns a document that includes the newly inserted documents' _id field values.insertMany()返回一个文档，其中包含新插入的文档的_id字段值。

To read documents in the collection:要阅读集合中的文档，请执行以下操作：

db.movies.find( {} )

Insert Behavior插入行为

To learn more about the specific behavior of inserting documents, see Insert Behavior.若要了解有关插入文档的特定行为的详细信息，请参阅插入行为。

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