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replSetInitiate
The replSetInitiate command initializes a new replica set.replSetInitiate命令初始化新的副本集。
To run 要运行replSetInitiate, use the db.runCommand( { <command> } ) method.replSetInitiate，请使用db.runCommand( { <command> } )方法。
Run the command on only one of the 仅在副本集的一个mongod instances for the replica set.mongod实例上运行该命令。
Use the following syntax:使用以下语法：
{ replSetInitiate : <config_document> }
The <config_document> is a document that specifies the replica set's configuration. <config_document>是指定副本集配置的文档。For instance, here's a config document for creating a simple 3-member replica set:例如，这里有一个用于创建简单的3成员副本集的配置文档：
{
_id : <setname>,
members : [
{_id : 0, host : <host0>},
{_id : 1, host : <host1>},
{_id : 2, host : <host2>},
]
}
To avoid configuration updates due to IP address changes, use DNS hostnames instead of IP addresses. 为了避免由于IP地址更改而导致的配置更新，请使用DNS主机名而不是IP地址。It is particularly important to use a DNS hostname instead of an IP address when configuring replica set members or sharded cluster members.在配置副本集成员或分片集群成员时，使用DNS主机名而不是IP地址尤为重要。
Use hostnames instead of IP addresses to configure clusters across a split network horizon. 使用主机名而不是IP地址来跨拆分网络范围配置群集。Starting in MongDB 5.0, nodes that are only configured with an IP address will fail startup validation and will not start.从MongDB 5.0开始，仅使用IP地址配置的节点将无法通过启动验证，无法启动。
Before binding to a non-localhost (e.g. publicly accessible) IP address, ensure you have secured your cluster from unauthorized access. 在绑定到非本地主机（例如，可公开访问的）IP地址之前，请确保已保护集群免受未经授权的访问。For a complete list of security recommendations, see Security Checklist. 有关安全建议的完整列表，请参阅安全检查表。At minimum, consider enabling authentication and hardening network infrastructure.至少，考虑启用身份验证并加强网络基础设施。
MongoDB binaries, MongoDB二进制文件mongod and mongos, bind to localhost by default. mongod和mongos默认绑定到localhost。If the 如果为二进制文件设置了net.ipv6 configuration file setting or the --ipv6 command line option is set for the binary, the binary additionally binds to the localhost IPv6 address.net.ipv6配置文件设置或--ipv6命令行选项，则二进制文件还将绑定到localhost ipv6地址。
By default 默认情况下，绑定到mongod and mongos that are bound to localhost only accept connections from clients that are running on the same computer. localhost的mongod和mongos只接受来自运行在同一台计算机上的客户端的连接。This binding behavior includes 此绑定行为包括mongosh and other members of your replica set or sharded cluster. mongosh和副本集或分片集群的其他成员。Remote clients cannot connect to binaries that are bound only to localhost.远程客户端无法连接到仅绑定到本地主机的二进制文件。
To override the default binding and bind to other IP addresses, use the 要覆盖默认绑定并绑定到其他IP地址，请使用net.bindIp configuration file setting or the --bind_ip command-line option to specify a list of hostnames or IP addresses.net.bindIp配置文件设置或--bind_ip命令行选项指定主机名或IP地址列表。
Starting in MongDB 5.0, split horizon DNS nodes that are only configured with an IP address fail startup validation and report an error. 从MongDB 5.0开始，仅使用IP地址配置的拆分地平线DNS节点无法通过启动验证并报告错误。See 请参见disableSplitHorizonIPCheck.disableSplitHorizonIPCheck。
For example, the following 例如，以下mongod instance binds to both the localhost and the hostname My-Example-Associated-Hostname, which is associated with the IP address 198.51.100.1:mongod实例绑定到本地主机和主机名My-Example-Associated-Hostname，该主机名与IP地址198.51.100.1关联：
mongod --bind_ip localhost,My-Example-Associated-Hostname
In order to connect to this instance, remote clients must specify the hostname or its associated IP address 为了连接到此实例，远程客户端必须指定主机名或其关联的IP地址198.51.100.1:198.51.100.1：
mongosh --host My-Example-Associated-Hostname mongosh --host 198.51.100.1
Assign a config document to a variable and then to pass the document to the 将配置文档分配给变量，然后将文档传递给rs.initiate() helper:rs.initiate()助手：
config = {
_id : "my_replica_set",
members : [
{_id : 0, host : "rs1.example.net:27017"},
{_id : 1, host : "rs2.example.net:27017"},
{_id : 2, host : "rs3.example.net", arbiterOnly: true},
]
}
rs.initiate(config)
To avoid configuration updates due to IP address changes, use DNS hostnames instead of IP addresses. 为了避免由于IP地址更改而导致的配置更新，请使用DNS主机名而不是IP地址。It is particularly important to use a DNS hostname instead of an IP address when configuring replica set members or sharded cluster members.在配置副本集成员或分片集群成员时，使用DNS主机名而不是IP地址尤为重要。
Use hostnames instead of IP addresses to configure clusters across a split network horizon. 使用主机名而不是IP地址来跨拆分网络范围配置群集。Starting in MongDB 5.0, nodes that are only configured with an IP address will fail startup validation and will not start.从MongDB 5.0开始，仅使用IP地址配置的节点将无法通过启动验证，无法启动。
Notice that omitting the port cause the host to use the default port of 27017. 请注意，省略端口会导致主机使用默认端口27017。Notice also that you can specify other options in the config documents such as the 还请注意，您可以在配置文档中指定其他选项，例如本例中的arbiterOnly setting in this example.arbiterOnly设置。