Install MongoDB Enterprise Edition on Debian
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Overview
Use this tutorial to install MongoDB 7.0 Enterprise Edition using the apt package manager.
MongoDB Enterprise Edition is available on select platforms and contains support for several features related to security and monitoring.
MongoDB Version
This tutorial installs MongoDB 7.0 Enterprise Edition. To install a different version of MongoDB Enterprise, use the version drop-down menu in the upper-left corner of this page to select the documentation for that version.
Considerations
Platform Support
MongoDB 7.0 Enterprise Edition supports the following 64-bit Debian releases on x86_64 architecture:
- Debian 12 "Bookworm"
- Debian 11 "Bullseye"
MongoDB only supports the 64-bit versions of these platforms.
See Platform Support for more information.
Production Notes
Before deploying MongoDB in a production environment, consider the Production Notes document which offers performance considerations and configuration recommendations for production MongoDB deployments.
Official MongoDB Packages
To install MongoDB Enterprise on your Debian system, these instructions will use the official mongodb-enterprise package, which is maintained and supported by MongoDB Inc. The official mongodb-enterprise package always contains the latest version of MongoDB, and is available from its own dedicated repo.
The mongodb package provided by Debian is not
maintained by MongoDB Inc. and conflicts with the official mongodb-enterprise package. If you have already installed the mongodb package on your Debian system, you must first uninstall the mongodb package before proceeding with these instructions.
See MongoDB Enterprise Edition Packages for the complete list of official packages.
Install MongoDB Enterprise Edition
Follow these steps to install MongoDB Enterprise Edition using the apt package manager.
Import the public key used by the package management system.
From a terminal, install gnupg and curl if they are not already available:
sudo apt-get install gnupg curl
Issue the following command to import the MongoDB public GPG Key from https://pgp.mongodb.com/server-7.0.asc:
curl -fsSL https://pgp.mongodb.com/server-7.0.asc | \
sudo gpg -o /usr/share/keyrings/mongodb-server-7.0.gpg \
--dearmor
Create a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-enterprise.list file for MongoDB.
Create the list file using the command appropriate for your version of Debian:
If you'd like to install MongoDB Enterprise packages from a particular release series, you can specify the release series of a version of MongoDB that is supported for your Debian build in the repository configuration. For example, to restrict your system to the 6.0 release series, add the following repository:
Install the MongoDB Enterprise packages.
Install MongoDB Enterprise.
Issue the following command:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-enterprise
Install a specific release of MongoDB Enterprise.
To install a specific release, you must specify each component package individually along with the version number, as in the following example:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-enterprise=7.0 mongodb-enterprise-database=7.0 mongodb-enterprise-server=7.0 mongodb-mongosh=7.0 mongodb-enterprise-mongos=7.0 mongodb-enterprise-tools=7.0
If you only install mongodb-enterprise=7.0 and do not include the component packages, the latest version of each MongoDB package will be installed regardless of what version you specified.
Pin a specific version of MongoDB Enterprise.
Although you can specify any available version of MongoDB, apt-get upgrades the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended upgrades, pin the package. To pin the version of MongoDB at the currently installed version, issue the following command sequence:
echo "mongodb-enterprise hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-enterprise-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-enterprise-database hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-mongosh hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-enterprise-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
echo "mongodb-enterprise-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
You can also install the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL. You must have already installed OpenSSL on your system before installing this version of the MongoDB Shell.
You can install all of the MongoDB Enterprise packages and the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL without removing the MongoDB Shell first. For example:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-enterprise mongodb-mongosh-shared-openssl11
The following example removes the MongoDB Shell and then installs the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL 1.1:
sudo apt-get remove -y mongodb-mongosh && sudo apt-get install -y
mongodb-mongosh-shared-openssl11
The following example removes the MongoDB Shell and then installs the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL 3:
sudo apt-get remove -y mongodb-mongosh && sudo apt-get install -y
mongodb-mongosh-shared-openssl3
You can also choose the MongoDB packages to install.
The following example installs MongoDB Enterprise and tools, and the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL 1.1:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-enterprise-database
mongodb-enterprise-tools mongodb-mongosh-shared-openssl11
The following example installs MongoDB Enterprise and tools, and the MongoDB Shell that uses the system's OpenSSL 3:
sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-enterprise-database
mongodb-enterprise-tools mongodb-mongosh-shared-openssl3
Run MongoDB Enterprise Edition
By default, a MongoDB instance stores:
- its data files in
/var/lib/mongodb - its log files in
/var/log/mongodb
If you installed via the package manager, these default directories are created during the installation.
If you installed manually by downloading the tarballs, you can create the directories using mkdir -p <directory> or sudo mkdir -p <directory> depending on the user that will run MongoDB. (See your linux man pages for information on mkdir and sudo.)
By default, MongoDB runs using the mongodb user account. If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you must also modify the permission to the /var/lib/mongodb and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.
To specify a different log file directory and data file directory, edit the systemLog.path and storage.dbPath settings in the /etc/mongod.conf. Ensure that the user running MongoDB has access to these directories.
Most Unix-like operating systems limit the system resources that a process may use. These limits may negatively impact MongoDB operation, and should be adjusted. See UNIX ulimit Settings for the recommended settings for your platform.
Starting in MongoDB 4.4, a startup error is generated if the ulimit value for number of open files is under 64000.
Procedure
Follow these steps to run MongoDB Enterprise Edition on your system. These instructions assume that you are using the official mongodb-enterprise package -- not the unofficial mongodb package provided by Debian -- and are using the default settings.
Init System
To run and manage your mongod process, you will be using your operating system's built-in init system. Recent versions of Linux tend to use systemd (which uses the systemctl command), while older versions of Linux tend to use System V init (which uses the service command).
If you are unsure which init system your platform uses, run the following command:
ps --no-headers -o comm 1
Then select the appropriate tab below based on the result:
systemd- select the systemd (systemctl) tab below.init- select the System V Init (service) tab below.
Uninstall MongoDB
To completely remove MongoDB from a system, you must remove the MongoDB applications themselves, the configuration files, and any directories containing data and logs. The following section guides you through the necessary steps.
This process will completely remove MongoDB, its configuration, and all databases. This process is not reversible, so ensure that all of your configuration and data is backed up before proceeding.
Stop MongoDB.
Stop the mongod process by issuing the following command:
sudo service mongod stop
Additional Information
Localhost Binding by Default
By default, MongoDB launches with bindIp set to 127.0.0.1, which binds to the localhost network interface. This means that the mongod can only accept connections from clients that are running on the same machine. Remote clients will not be able to connect to the mongod, and the mongod will not be able to initialize a replica set unless this value is set to a valid network interface.
This value can be configured either:
Before you bind your instance to a publicly-accessible IP address, you must secure your cluster from unauthorized access. For a complete list of security recommendations, see Security Checklist. At minimum, consider enabling authentication and hardening network infrastructure.
For more information on configuring bindIp, see IP Binding.
MongoDB Enterprise Edition Packages
MongoDB Enterprise Edition is available from its own dedicated repository, and contains the following officially-supported packages:
| Package Name | Description | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mongodb-enterprise | A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below. | ||||||||
mongodb-enterprise-database | A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below.
| ||||||||
mongodb-mongosh | Contains the MongoDB Shell (mongosh). | ||||||||
mongodb-shared-openssl* | Contains the MongoDB Shell that uses the OpenSSL version already installed on your computer (mongosh). | ||||||||
mongodb-enterprise-tools | A metapackage that automatically installs the component packages listed below:
|