Database Manual / Reference

Connection Strings连接串

➤ Use the Select your language drop-down menu in the upper-right to set the language of the following examples.使用右上角的“选择语言”下拉菜单设置以下示例的语言。

You can use connection strings to define connections between MongoDB instances and the following destinations:您可以使用连接字符串来定义MongoDB实例与以下目标之间的连接：

Complete these steps to find your connection string.完成以下步骤以查找您的连接字符串。

Find Your MongoDB Atlas Connection String查找您的MongoDB Atlas连接字符串

atlas-cli

To find your MongoDB Atlas connection string using the Atlas CLI, install and connect from the Atlas CLI, then run the following command. Replace <clusterName> with the name of the MongoDB Atlas cluster and replace <projectId> with the project ID. 要使用Atlas CLI查找MongoDB Atlas连接字符串，请从Atlas CLI安装并连接，然后运行以下命令。将<clusterName>替换为MongoDB Atlas集群的名称，并将<projectId>替换为项目ID。

atlas clusters connectionStrings describe <clusterName> --projectId <projectId>

To learn more, see atlas clusters connectionStrings describe.要了解更多信息，请参阅atlas集群连接字符串描述。

atlas-ui

To find your MongoDB Atlas connection string in the Atlas UI, follow these steps:要在Atlas UI中查找MongoDB Atlas连接字符串，请执行以下步骤：

1

In the MongoDB Atlas UI, go to the Clusters page for your project.在MongoDB Atlas UI中，转到项目的“集群”页面。

Warning

Navigation Improvements In Progress导航改进正在进行中

We're currently rolling out a new and improved navigation experience. If the following steps don't match your view in the Atlas UI, see the preview Atlas documentation.我们目前正在推出一种新的、改进的导航体验。如果以下步骤与Atlas UI中的视图不匹配，请参阅Atlas预览文档。

  1. If it's not already displayed, select the organization that contains your desired project from the Organizations menu in the navigation bar.如果尚未显示，请从导航栏的“组织”菜单中选择包含所需项目的组织。
  2. If it's not already displayed, select your project from the Projects menu in the navigation bar.如果尚未显示，请从导航栏中的“项目”菜单中选择您的项目。
  3. If it's not already displayed, click Clusters in the sidebar.如果尚未显示，请单击侧栏中的“集群”。
    The Clusters page displays.将显示“群集”页面。
2

Open the Connection Method dialog.打开“连接方法”对话框。

  1. Click Connect for the cluster to which you want to connect.单击要连接到的群集的“连接”。

  2. Click Choose a Connection Method. MongoDB Atlas selects Standard Connection by default. To connect using a private endpoint, select Private Endpoint. 单击“选择连接方法”。MongoDB Atlas默认选择标准连接。要使用专用终结点进行连接，请选择“专用终结点”。

3

Choose a connection method.选择一种连接方式。

To connect to your application, click Drivers. To connect using tools, click the tool you want to use to access your data.要连接到您的应用程序，请单击“驱动程序”。要使用工具连接，请单击要用于访问数据的工具。

4

Follow instructions for the connection method you selected.按照您选择的连接方法的说明进行操作。

  1. If you selected Drivers, select your driver and version. If you selected a tool, download the tool.如果您选择了“驱动程序”，请选择您的驱动程序和版本。如果您选择了一个工具，请下载该工具。
  2. Select Connect To Cluster.选择“连接到群集”。
  3. Copy the connection string. Replace <password> and <username> in the connection string with the database user's credentials. 复制连接字符串。将连接字符串中的<password>和<username>替换为数据库用户的凭据。

Your MongoDB Atlas connection string resembles the following example:您的MongoDB Atlas连接字符串类似于以下示例：

shell 
mongosh "mongodb+srv://cluster0.example.mongodb.net myFirstDatabase" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/
csharp 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/
go 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/
java-async 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
java-sync 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
motor 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/
nodejs 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
perl 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
php 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
python 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
ruby 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority
rust 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/
scala 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@cluster0.example.mongodb.net/?retryWrites=true&w=majority

Find Your Self-Hosted Deployment's Connection String查找自托管部署的连接字符串

If you are connected to your self-hosted MongoDB Enterprise or MongoDB Community deployment, run db.getMongo() method to return the connection string.如果您已连接到自托管的MongoDB Enterprise或MongoDB Community部署，请运行db.getMongo()方法以返回连接字符串。

If you are not connected to your deployment, you can determine your connection string based on the connection type you want to use. 如果未连接到部署，则可以根据要使用的连接类型确定连接字符串。See SRV Connection Format to learn the SRV connection string syntax or Standard Connection String Format to learn the standard connection string syntax. 请参阅SRV连接格式以了解SRV连接字符串语法，或参阅标准连接字符串格式以了解标准连接字符串语法。

Your self-hosted connection string resembles the following examples:您的自托管连接字符串类似于以下示例：

srv
repl

The following replica set connection string includes these elements:以下副本集连接字符串包括以下元素：

  • The replicaSet optionreplicaSet选项
  • The hostname(s) of the mongod instance(s) as listed in the replica set configuration副本集配置中列出的mongod实例的主机名
  • It authenticates as user myDatabaseUser with the password D1fficultP%40ssw0rd to enforce access control它使用密码D1fficultP%40ssw0rd作为用户myDatabaseUser进行身份验证，以实施访问控制
shell 
mongosh "mongodb+srv://mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
csharp 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
go 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
java-async 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
java-sync 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
motor 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
nodejs 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
perl 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
php 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
python 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
ruby 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
rust 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
scala 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @
sharded

The following sharded cluster connection string includes the these elements:以下分片集群连接字符串包括以下元素：

  • The mongos hosts in the connection string连接字符串中的mongos主机
  • It authenticates as user myDatabaseUser with the password D1fficultP%40ssw0rd to enforce access control它使用密码D1fficultP%40ssw0rd作为用户myDatabaseUser进行身份验证，以实施访问控制
shell 
mongosh "mongodb+srv://mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
csharp 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
go 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
java-async 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
java-sync 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
motor 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
nodejs 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
perl 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
php 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
python 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
ruby 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
rust 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin
scala 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com/?authSource=admin

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @
standalone

The following standalone connection string authenticates as user myDatabaseUser with the password D1fficultP%40ssw0rd to enforce access control:以下独立连接字符串以用户myDatabaseUser身份进行身份验证，密码为D1fficultP%40ssw0rd，以实施访问控制：

shell 
mongosh "mongodb+srv://mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
csharp 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
go 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
java-async 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
java-sync 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
motor 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
nodejs 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
perl 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
php 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
python 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
ruby 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
rust 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin
scala 
mongodb+srv://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com/?authSource=admin

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @
standard
repl

The following replica set connection string includes these elements:以下副本集连接字符串包括以下元素：

shell 
mongosh "mongodb://mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
csharp 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
go 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
java-async 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
java-sync 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
motor 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
nodejs 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
perl 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
php 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
python 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
ruby 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
rust 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl
scala 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017,mongodb1.example.com:27017,mongodb2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin&replicaSet=myRepl

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @
sharded

The following sharded cluster connection string includes the these elements:以下分片集群连接字符串包括以下元素：

shell 
mongosh "mongodb://mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
csharp 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
go 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
java-async 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
java-sync 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
motor 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
nodejs 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
perl 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
php 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
python 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
ruby 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
rust 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
scala 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongos0.example.com:27017,mongos1.example.com:27017,mongos2.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @
standalone

The following standalone connection string enforces access control:以下独立连接字符串强制执行访问控制：

shell 
mongosh "mongodb://@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin" --apiVersion 1 --username myDatabaseUser
compass 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
csharp 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
go 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
java-async 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
java-sync 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
motor 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
nodejs 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
perl 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
php 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
python 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
ruby 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
rust 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin
scala 
mongodb://myDatabaseUser:D1fficultP%40ssw0rd@mongodb0.example.com:27017/?authSource=admin

If the username or password includes the following characters, those characters must be converted using percent encoding:如果用户名或密码包含以下字符，则必须使用百分比编码转换这些字符：

$ : / ? # [ ] @

Learn More了解更多

For a full list of connection string options, see Connection String Options. 有关连接字符串选项的完整列表，请参阅连接字符串选项。

For more connection string examples, see:有关更多连接字符串示例，请参阅：