$arrayElemAt (expression operator)（表达式运算符）

Definition定义

$arrayElemAt

Returns the element at the specified array index.返回指定数组索引处的元素。

Compatibility兼容性

You can use $arrayElemAt for deployments hosted in the following environments:您可以将$arrayElemAt用于在以下环境中托管的部署：

• MongoDB Atlas: The fully managed service for MongoDB deployments in the cloud：云中MongoDB部署的完全托管服务

• MongoDB Enterprise: The subscription-based, self-managed version of MongoDB：MongoDB的基于订阅的自我管理版本
• MongoDB Community: The source-available, free-to-use, and self-managed version of MongoDB：MongoDB的源代码可用、免费使用和自我管理版本

Syntax语法

$arrayElemAt has the following syntax:具有以下语法：

{ $arrayElemAt: [ <array>, <idx> ] }

The <array> expression can be any valid expression that resolves to an array.<array>表达式可以是解析为数组的任何有效表达式。

The <idx> expression can be any valid expression that resolves to an integer.<idx>表达式可以是解析为整数的任何有效表达式。

For more information on expressions, see Expressions.有关表达式的详细信息，请参阅表达式。

Behavior行为

• If the <idx> expression resolves to zero or a positive integer, $arrayElemAt returns the element at the idx position, counting from the start of the array.如果<idx>表达式解析为零或正整数，$arrayElemAt将返回idx位置的元素，从数组开始计数。
• If the <idx> expression resolves to a negative integer, $arrayElemAt returns the element at the idx position, counting from the end of the array.如果<idx>表达式解析为负整数，$arrayElemAt将返回idx位置的元素，从数组末尾开始计数。
• If idx exceeds the array bounds, $arrayElemAt does not return a result.如果idx超出数组边界，$arrayElemAt不会返回结果。
• If the <array> expression resolves to an undefined array, $arrayElemAt returns null.如果<array>表达式解析为未定义的数组，$arrayElemAt将返回null。

Example示例

A collection named users contains the following documents:名为users的集合包含以下文档：

db.users.insertMany( [
   { _id: 1, name: "dave123", favorites: [ "chocolate", "cake", "butter", "apples" ] },
   { _id: 2, name: "li", favorites: [ "apples", "pudding", "pie" ] },
   { _id: 3, name: "ahn", favorites: [ "pears", "pecans", "chocolate", "cherries" ] },
   { _id: 4, name: "ty", favorites: [ "ice cream" ] }
] )

The following example returns the first and last element in the favorites array:以下示例返回favorites数组中的第一个和最后一个元素：

db.users.aggregate([
   {
     $project:
      {
         name: 1,
         first: { $arrayElemAt: [ "$favorites", 0 ] },
         last: { $arrayElemAt: [ "$favorites", -1 ] }
      }
   }
])

The operation returns the following results:该操作返回以下结果：

[
   { _id: 1, name: "dave123", first: "chocolate", "last" : "apples" },
   { _id: 2, name: "li", first: "apples", "last" : "pie" },
   { _id: 3, name: "ahn", first: "pears", "last" : "cherries" },
   { _id: 4, name: "ty", first: "ice cream", "last" : "ice cream" }
]

See Also另请参阅

• $slice
• $first
• $last
• Array Operators数组运算符