Start a Sharded Cluster with a Config Shard使用配置分片启动分片集群

Create the Config Server Replica Set.创建配置服务器副本集。

For a production deployment, deploy a config server replica set with at least three members.对于生产部署，部署一个至少有三个成员的配置服务器副本集。

For this tutorial, the config server replica set members are associated with the following hosts:对于本教程，配置服务器副本集成员与以下主机相关联：

1. Start each member of the config server replica set.启动配置服务器副本集的每个成员。

   When starting each mongod, specify the mongod settings using either a configuration file or the command line.启动每个mongod时，使用配置文件或命令行指定mongod设置。

   Configuration File

   If using a configuration file, set:如果使用配置文件，请设置：

   sharding:
     clusterRole: configsvr
   replication:
     replSetName: <replica set name>
   net:
     bindIp: localhost,<hostname(s)|ip address(es)>

   • sharding.clusterRole to configsvr.为configsvr。
   • replication.replSetName to the desired name of the config server replica set.到配置服务器副本集的所需名称。

   • net.bindIp option to one of:net.bindIp选项为以下选项之一：

     • The hostname/ip address.主机名/ip地址。
     • A comma-delimited list of hostnames or ip addresses that remote clients can use to connect to the instance (including the other members of the config server replica set as well as other members of the sharded cluster).一个逗号分隔的主机名或ip地址列表，远程客户端可以使用它连接到实例（包括配置服务器副本集的其他成员以及分片集群的其他成员）。

     Warning

     Before you bind your instance to a publicly-accessible IP address, you must secure your cluster from unauthorized access. For a complete list of security recommendations, see Security Checklist for Self-Managed Deployments. 在将实例绑定到可公开访问的IP地址之前，必须保护集群免受未经授权的访问。有关安全建议的完整列表，请参阅自我管理部署的安全检查表。At minimum, consider enabling authentication and hardening network infrastructure.至少，考虑启用身份验证并加强网络基础设施。

   • Additional settings as appropriate to your deployment, such as storage.dbPath and net.port. 根据部署情况进行其他设置，如storage.dbPath和net.port。For more information on the configuration file, see configuration options.有关配置文件的更多信息，请参阅配置选项。

   Start the mongod with the --config option set to the configuration file path.将--config选项设置为配置文件路径，启动mongod。

   mongod --config <path-to-config-file>

   Command Line

   If using the command line options, start the mongod with the --configsvr, --replSet, --bind_ip, and other options as appropriate to your deployment. For example:如果使用命令行选项，请使用--configsvr、--replSet、--bind_ip和其他适合您部署的选项启动mongod。例如：

   mongod --configsvr --replSet <replica set name> --dbpath <path> --bind_ip localhost,<hostname(s)|ip address(es)>

   Warning

   Before you bind your instance to a publicly-accessible IP address, you must secure your cluster from unauthorized access. For a complete list of security recommendations, see Security Checklist for Self-Managed Deployments. 在将实例绑定到可公开访问的IP地址之前，必须保护集群免受未经授权的访问。有关安全建议的完整列表，请参阅自我管理部署的安全检查表。At minimum, consider enabling authentication and hardening network infrastructure.至少，考虑启用身份验证并加强网络基础设施。

   For more information on startup parameters, see the mongod reference page.有关启动参数的更多信息，请参阅mongod参考页面。

2. Connect mongosh to one of the config server members.将mongosh连接到配置服务器成员之一。

   mongosh --host <hostname> --port <port>

3. Initiate the replica set.启动副本集。

   From mongosh, run the rs.initiate() method.从mongosh运行rs.initiate()方法。

   rs.initiate() can take an optional replica set configuration document. In the replica set configuration document, include:可以采用可选的副本集配置文档。在副本集配置文档中，包括：

   • The _id set to the replica set name specified in either the replication.replSetName or the --replSet option._id设置为replication.replSetName或--replSet选项中指定的副本集名称。
   • The configsvr field set to true for the config server replica set.配置服务器副本集的configsvr字段设置为true。
   • The members array with a document per each member of the replica set.members数组，每个副本集的成员都有一个文档。

   Important

   Run rs.initiate() on only one mongod instance for the replica set.仅对副本集的一个mongod实例运行rs.initiate()。

   rs.initiate(
     {
       _id: "myReplSet",
       configsvr: true,
       members: [
         { _id : 0, host : "cfg1.example.net:27019" },
         { _id : 1, host : "cfg2.example.net:27019" },
         { _id : 2, host : "cfg3.example.net:27019" }
       ]
     }
   )

   See Self-Managed Replica Set Configuration for more information on replica set configuration documents.有关副本集配置文档的更多信息，请参阅自我管理副本集配置。

Start a mongos for the Sharded Cluster.为分片集群启动一个mongos。

Start a mongos using either a configuration file or a command line parameter to specify the config servers.使用配置文件或命令行参数启动mongos以指定配置服务器。

sharding:
  configDB: <configReplSetName>/cfg1.example.net:27019,cfg2.example.net:27019
net:
  bindIp: localhost,<hostname(s)|ip address(es)>

mongos --config <path-to-config>

mongos --configdb <configReplSetName>/cfg1.example.net:27019,cfg2.example.net:27019,cfg3.example.net:27019 --bind_ip localhost,<hostname(s)|ip address(es)>

At this point, your sharded cluster consists of the mongos and the config servers. 此时，分片集群由mongos和配置服务器组成。You can now connect to the sharded cluster using mongosh.现在，您可以使用mongosh连接到分片集群。

Connect to the Sharded Cluster.连接到分片集群。

Connect mongosh to the mongos. Specify the host and port on which the mongos is running:把mongosh和mongos联系起来。指定运行mongos的host和port：

mongosh --host <hostname> --port <port>

Transition from a Dedicated Config Server to a Config Shard.从专用配置服务器到配置分片的转换。

This example configures a dedicated config server to run as a config shard:此示例配置了一个专用配置服务器作为配置分片运行：

db.adminCommand( {
   transitionFromDedicatedConfigServer: 1
} )

Confirm Cluster uses a Config Shard确认群集使用配置分片

To confirm that the sharded cluster now uses the config shard, run the serverStatus command to check that the configServerInShardCache status returns true:要确认分片集群现在使用配置分片，请运行serverStatus命令检查configServerInShardCache状态是否返回true：

db.adminCommand( {
   serverStatus: 1,
} ).shardingStatistics.configServerInShardCache

true