Database Manual / Reference / Query Language / Update / Bitwise

$bit

Definition定义

$bit

The $bit operator performs a bitwise update of a field. $bit运算符执行字段的逐位更新。The operator supports bitwise and, bitwise or, and bitwise xor (i.e. exclusive or) operations. 运算符支持按位and、按位or和按位xor(即异或)操作。To specify a $bit operator expression, use the following prototype:要指定$bit运算符表达式,请使用以下原型:

{ $bit: { <field>: { <and|or|xor>: <int> } } }

Only use this operator with integer fields (either 32-bit integer or 64-bit integer).仅将此运算符用于整数字段(32位整数或64位整数)。

To specify a <field> in an embedded document or in an array, use dot notation.要在嵌入式文档或数组中指定<field>,请使用点符号

Note

All numbers in mongosh are doubles, not integers. To specify integers in mongosh, use the Int32() or the Long() constructor. 蒙古语中的所有数字都是双精度的,而不是整数。要在mongosh中指定整数,请使用Int32()Long()构造函数。To learn more, see Int32 or Long.要了解更多信息,请参阅Int32Long

To learn how your MongoDB driver handles numeric values, refer to your driver's documentation.要了解MongoDB驱动程序如何处理数值,请参阅驱动程序的文档

Behavior行为

Starting in MongoDB 5.0, mongod no longer raises an error when you use an update operator like $bit with an empty operand expression ( { } ). 从MongoDB 5.0开始,当您使用像$bit这样的更新运算符和空操作数表达式({})时,mongod不再引发错误。An empty update results in no changes and no oplog entry is created (meaning that the operation is a no-op).空更新不会导致任何更改,也不会创建oplog条目(这意味着该操作是无操作)。

Starting in MongoDB 5.0, update operators process document fields with string-based names in lexicographic order. 从MongoDB 5.0开始,更新运算符按字典顺序处理具有基于字符串的名称的文档字段。Fields with numeric names are processed in numeric order. See Update Operators Behavior for details.具有数字名称的字段按数字顺序处理。有关详细信息,请参阅更新运算符行为

Examples示例

The following examples use the switches collection:以下示例使用switches集合:

db.switches.insertMany( [
{ _id: 1, expdata: Int32(13) },
{ _id: 2, expdata: Int32(3) },
{ _id: 3, expdata: Int32(1) }
] )

Bitwise AND按位与

Use a bitwise and in the updateOne() operation to update expdata.updateOne()操作中使用位and来更新expdata

db.switches.updateOne(
{ _id: 1 },
{ $bit: { expdata: { and: Int32( 10 ) } } }
)

The bitwise and operation:按位and操作:

  • gets the bitwise value of expdata获取expdata的位值
  • uses and to apply the bitwise value of Int32(10)使用and应用Int32(10)的位值
  • updates expdata with the result, 1000用结果1000更新expdata
1101   // expdata
1010 // Int32(10)
----
1000

Binary 1000 is equivalent to Int32(8). The db.switches.find( { _id: 1 } ) command returns the following document:二进制1000等价于Int32(8)db.switches.find( { _id: 1 } )命令返回以下文档:

{ "_id" : 1, "expdata" : 8 }

Bitwise OR按位或

Use a bitwise or in the updateOne() operation to update expdata.updateOne()操作中使用按位or来更新expdata

db.switches.updateOne(
{ _id: 2 },
{ $bit: { expdata: { or: Int32( 5 ) } } }
)

The bitwise or operation:按位or操作:

  • gets the bitwise value of expdata获取expdata的位值
  • uses or to apply the bitwise value of Int32(5)使用or应用Int32(5)的位值
  • updates expdata with the result, 0111用结果0111更新expdata
0111   // expdata
0101 // Int32(5)
----
0111

Binary 0111 is equivalent to Int32(7). The db.switches.find( { _id: 2 } ) command returns the following document:二进制0111等价于Int32(7)db.switches.find( { _id: 2 } )命令返回以下文档:

{ "_id" : 2, "expdata" : 7 }

Bitwise XOR按位异或

Use a bitwise xor in the updateOne() operation to update expdata.updateOne()操作中使用按位xor来更新expdata

db.switches.updateOne(
{ _id: 3 },
{ $bit: { expdata: { xor: Int32( 5 ) } } }
)

The bitwise and operation:按位and操作:

  • gets the bitwise value of expdata获取expdata的位值
  • uses and to apply the bitwise value of Int32(5)使用and应用Int32(5)的位值
  • updates expdata with the result, 0100用结果0100更新expdata
0001   // expdata
0101 // Int32(5)
----
0100

Binary 0100 is equivalent to Int32(4). The db.switches.find( { _id: 3 } ) command returns the following document:二进制0100等效于Int32(4)db.switches.find( { _id: 3 } )命令返回以下文档:

{ "_id" : 1, "expdata" : 4 }