createSearchIndexes (database command数据库命令)

Search Index Definition Syntax搜索索引定义语法

The search index definition takes the following fields:搜索索引定义包含以下字段：

{
   analyzer: "<analyzer-for-index>",
   searchAnalyzer: "<analyzer-for-query>",
   mappings: {
      dynamic: <boolean>,
      fields: { <field-definition> }
   },
   analyzers: [ <custom-analyzer> ],
   storedSource: <boolean> | {
      <stored-source-definition>
   },
   synonyms: [ {
      name: "<synonym-mapping-name>",
      source: {
         collection: "<source-collection-name>"
      },
      analyzer: "<synonym-mapping-analyzer>"
   } ]
}

Vector Search Index Definition Syntax矢量搜索索引定义语法

The vector search index definition takes the following fields:向量搜索索引定义包含以下字段：

{
  "fields": [
    {
      "type": "vector" | "filter",
      "path": "<field-to-index>",
      "numDimensions": <number-of-dimensions>,
      "similarity": "euclidean" | "cosine" | "dotProduct"
    }
  ]
}

For explanations of vector search index definition fields, see How to Index Fields for Vector Search.有关矢量搜索索引定义字段的说明，请参阅如何为矢量搜索的字段建立索引。

Create a Search Index on All Fields在所有字段上创建搜索索引

The following example creates a search index named searchIndex01 on the contacts collection:以下示例在contacts集合上创建了一个名为searchIndex01的搜索索引：

db.runCommand( {
   createSearchIndexes: "contacts",
   indexes: [
      {
         name: "searchIndex01",
         definition: { mappings: { dynamic: true } }
      }
   ]
} )

The index definition specifies mappings: { dynamic: true }, which means that the index contains all fields in the collection that have supported data types.索引定义指定了mappings: { dynamic: true }，这意味着索引包含集合中支持数据类型的所有字段。

Create a Search Index with a Language Analyzer使用语言分析器创建搜索索引

A language analyzer introduces stop-words, which are words that are not significant enough to be indexed.语言分析器引入停用词，这些词的重要性不足以被索引。

The following example creates a search index named frenchIndex01 on the cars collection, and specifies the lucene.french analyzer on the fr field:以下示例在car集合上创建了一个名为frenchIndex01的搜索索引，并在fr字段上指定了lucene.french分析器：

db.runCommand( {
   createSearchIndexes: "cars",
   indexes: [
      {
         name: "frenchIndex01",
         definition: {
            mappings: {
              fields: {
                subject: {
                  fields: {
                    fr: {
                      analyzer: "lucene.french",
                      type: "string"
                    }
                  },
                  type: "document"
                }
              }
            }
          }
      }
   ]
} )

To learn more about language analyzers, see Language Analyzers.要了解有关语言分析器的更多信息，请参阅语言分析器。

Create Multiple Search Indexes创建多个搜索索引

The following command creates two search indexes on the products collection, searchIndex02 and searchIndex03:以下命令在products集合上创建两个搜索索引，searchIndex02和searchIndex03：

db.runCommand( {
   createSearchIndexes: "products",
   indexes: [
      {
         name: "searchIndex02",
         definition: {
            mappings: {
               fields: {
                  title: {
                     type: "string",
                     analyzer: "lucene.simple"
                  }
               }
            }
         }
      },
      {
         name: "searchIndex03",
         definition:
            {
               mappings: { dynamic: true }
            }
      }
   ]
} )

searchIndex02 uses a simple analyzer on the title field. The simple analyzer divides text into searchable terms based on non-letter characters, such as whitespace, punctuation, or digits.在标题字段上使用一个简单的分析器。简单分析器根据非字母字符（如空格、标点符号或数字）将文本划分为可搜索的术语。

searchIndex03 uses a dynamic field mapping, meaning the index contains all fields in the collection that have supported data types.使用动态字段映射，这意味着索引包含集合中支持数据类型的所有字段。

Create a Vector Search Index创建矢量搜索索引

The following example creates a vector search index named vectorSearchIndex01 on the movies collection:以下示例在movies集合上创建了一个名为vectorSearchIndex01的向量搜索索引：

db.runCommand( {
   createSearchIndexes: "movies",
   indexes: [
      {
         name: "vectorSearchIndex01",
         type: "vectorSearch",
         definition: {
            fields: [
               {
                  type: "vector",
                  numDimensions: 1,
                  path: "genre",
                  similarity: "cosine"
               }
            ]
         }
      }
   ]
} )

The vector search index contains one dimension and indexes the genre field.向量搜索索引包含一个维度，并对genre字段进行索引。